![]() Attachment disturbances from early life can manifest in a variety of ways, including aggressive behavior, uncooperativeness, anger, avoidance of intimacy, social awkwardness, mistrust of adults, and academic difficulties. The child will appear more isolated and fail to make eye contact with other children, and may exhibit aggressive or manipulative behavior. Initial symptoms may be revealed during play time among peers. RAD symptoms can isolate a child from siblings and peers, resulting in a child’s over-reliance on parents. The DSM-V cites social neglect, isolation, and unmet emotional needs as examples of insufficient care that can lead to RAD. Many individuals with RAD have suffered psychological and/or physical abuse. Parents need to be mindful that frequent changes in caregivers can be a contributing factor to RAD, according to DSM-V. The child may express his or her frustration by acting out towards others. The need of the parents to seek caregiving assistance can result in negative emotions in the child, including feelings of anger, rejection and neglect. A pregnant mother may seek extra caregiving assistance to deal with the excessive demands of the child with RAD. A child who is overly attached to his/her mother experiences the distress of separation on a regular basis and can make it difficult for the mother (or primary caregiver) to attend to other daily responsibilities such as caring for and engaging in social and emotional interactions with other children. Reactive Attachment Disorder in Daily LifeĪttachment disorders present various difficulties in a family environment. Under DSM-V, if the symptoms of both RAD and DSED are present at high levels, the disorder is specified as severe. The disorder must be present for 12 months.
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